The Southern Brook Lamprey is found in Gulf Coast drainages from Texas to Florida, including the Mobile Basin, the lower Mississippi River Drainage, including the Tennessee River, and a disjunct population in upper Mississippi River Drainage in Wisconsin. Adults are found in small streams with gravel substrates, while larvae (ammocoetes) are found along banks in soft substrate. Southern Brook Lampreys are non-parasitic, meaning they do not feed as adults and also do not have functional teeth on their oral disc.